The 1917 Smith & Wesson revolver holds a significant place in firearms history, serving as a crucial component of American military efforts during World War I. This article delves into the specifics of this iconic revolver, exploring its design, production, military service, and lasting legacy. Understanding the 1917 Smith & Wesson's place in history provides valuable insight into the evolution of firearms technology and the demands of wartime production.
The Genesis of a Military Revolver: Design and Specifications
The 1917 Smith & Wesson, officially designated the "Model 1917 Revolver," was a .45 Colt caliber handgun, selected by the U.S. Army to meet its urgent need for a reliable sidearm during World War I. Its design was largely based on the successful Smith & Wesson Model 10, but with modifications to streamline production and enhance durability for military use. Key features include:
- Caliber: .45 Colt
- Action: Double-action, meaning the revolver can be fired either by cocking the hammer manually (single-action) or by pulling the trigger directly (double-action).
- Cylinder Capacity: Six rounds
- Barrel Length: Typically 4-inch, though variations exist.
- Construction: Primarily manufactured from forged steel, contributing to its robustness.
- Sights: Simple fixed blade front and notch rear sights.
Distinguishing Features of the 1917 S&W
While based on the Model 10, several key differences set the 1917 apart:
- Simplified Design: Features like checkering and elaborate finishes were omitted to speed up production and reduce costs.
- Military Markings: The revolvers bore distinct military markings, indicating their origin and date of manufacture.
- Robust Construction: The 1917 was built to withstand the harsh conditions of warfare, making it incredibly durable.
| Feature | 1917 Smith & Wesson | Model 10 |
|---|---|---|
| Finish | Blued (often showing wear) | More refined finishes |
| Checkering | Usually absent | Present on grips |
| Markings | Military markings | No military markings |
| Grip Material | Typically walnut, often worn | Variety of materials, better condition |
The 1917 Smith & Wesson in World War I: Production and Deployment
The outbreak of World War I created a massive demand for military firearms, prompting the U.S. government to contract Smith & Wesson to produce a large quantity of the Model 1917. Smith & Wesson, alongside Colt, became major suppliers of handguns to the war effort. The sheer scale of production led to some compromises in quality, but the 1917 proved to be reliable enough for its intended purpose.
The 1917 Smith & Wesson saw extensive service in the trenches of Europe, serving alongside American troops in combat. While not as glamorous as some other weaponry of the era, its reliability and stopping power made it a valued tool. Reliable operation in harsh conditions was key to the success of the 1917 in wartime.
It's important to note that despite its wartime service, the 1917 S&W wasn't without its detractors. Some soldiers found the .45 Colt cartridge to be powerful but excessively bulky for a sidearm. However, its stopping power and simple operation overshadowed these criticisms.
Legacy of the 1917 Smith & Wesson: Collector's Item and Historical Artifact
Today, the 1917 Smith & Wesson remains a highly sought-after collector's item and a vital piece of American military history. Its role in World War I cemented its place as a significant firearm, showcasing the rapid industrial mobilization and innovation required during wartime. Collectors prize these revolvers for their historical significance and often pay a premium for well-preserved examples.
Furthermore, the 1917 Smith & Wesson exemplifies the critical interplay between military needs and firearm design. The demand for a robust, reliable, and mass-producible sidearm led to the creation of a weapon that proved its worth in combat, shaping the future of military firearm development.
Analyzing the 1917 Smith & Wesson offers a fascinating glimpse into the past, reminding us of the ingenuity and resourcefulness needed during times of conflict and the enduring legacy of firearms in shaping history. The enduring popularity of this revolver underscores its enduring appeal to both historians and collectors alike.