The 7mm-08 Remington and the .308 Winchester are both popular hunting and target shooting cartridges, frequently compared for their similar capabilities. Both excel in medium-range accuracy and offer manageable recoil, making them attractive to a wide range of shooters. However, understanding their ballistic differences is crucial for making an informed choice. This in-depth comparison will delve into the key factors influencing their performance, helping you decide which cartridge best suits your needs.
Ballistic Performance: 7mm-08 vs .308 Winchester
The core difference lies in their bullet diameter and resulting ballistic characteristics. The 7mm-08 fires a 7mm (.284 inch) diameter bullet, while the .308 Winchester uses a .308 inch (7.82 mm) diameter bullet. This seemingly small difference significantly impacts trajectory, energy retention, and overall performance.
Bullet Diameter and Trajectory
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7mm-08: The smaller diameter bullet generally exhibits a flatter trajectory. This means less bullet drop over distance, simplifying aiming at longer ranges. The higher sectional density (weight relative to cross-sectional area) of 7mm bullets can also contribute to better wind-bucking capabilities.
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.308 Winchester: The larger diameter bullet experiences more bullet drop at longer ranges compared to the 7mm-08. While this might seem a disadvantage, the heavier bullets often available in .308 provide more energy downrange.
| Cartridge | Bullet Diameter (inches) | Typical Bullet Weight (grains) |
|---|---|---|
| 7mm-08 | 0.284 | 120-160 |
| .308 Winchester | 0.308 | 150-180 |
Energy and Recoil
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7mm-08: Generally, 7mm-08 loads produce slightly less recoil than comparable .308 Winchester loads. This is partially due to the lower bullet weights often used, although some heavier 7mm-08 loads are available. This reduced recoil can improve shooter comfort and accuracy, particularly for beginners or those with less upper body strength.
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.308 Winchester: The .308 Winchester usually delivers higher energy at closer ranges due to the heavier bullet weights, and this also contributes to greater felt recoil. This greater energy is often preferred for hunting larger game, but the increased recoil can be a challenge for some shooters.
Effective Range
Both cartridges are suitable for medium-range hunting and target shooting, typically up to 300-400 yards. However, with proper bullet selection and shooter skill, both can be effective at even greater distances. The flatter trajectory of the 7mm-08 might give it a slight edge at the extreme end of this range. The longer barrel of some rifles also impacts the ballistic characteristics.
Case Capacity and Velocity
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7mm-08: The 7mm-08 cartridge is based on the .308 Winchester case, but slightly necked down. This results in comparable velocities with slightly less case capacity.
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.308 Winchester: The .308 Winchester has a slightly larger case capacity, which enables it to potentially achieve higher velocities with some bullet weights.
Hunting Applications: Which Cartridge Wins Out?
The best choice for hunting depends heavily on the game being hunted.
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7mm-08: The 7mm-08 is an excellent all-around cartridge, well-suited for deer-sized game. Its flat trajectory and manageable recoil make it a versatile choice for various hunting scenarios. Its trajectory and better wind-bucking make it slightly better at longer ranges.
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.308 Winchester: The .308 Winchester's heavier bullet and higher energy make it better suited for larger game such as elk or moose, particularly at closer ranges. Its greater stopping power is a significant factor in this context.
Target Shooting: Precision and Accuracy
Both cartridges are highly accurate and commonly used in target shooting competitions. The choice often comes down to personal preference and the specific rifle used. Both cartridges are capable of sub-MOA (Minute of Angle) accuracy with appropriate ammunition and a well-maintained rifle.
Conclusion: Making the Right Choice
There's no single "winner" in this comparison. The best cartridge depends on individual needs and preferences. The 7mm-08 offers a flatter trajectory, less recoil, and is a superb choice for deer-sized game and many target shooting applications. The .308 Winchester provides higher energy and potentially greater stopping power for larger game, but with increased recoil. Consider your intended use, desired ballistics, and your personal shooting style before making a decision. Always practice safe firearm handling and consult with experienced shooters or professionals before choosing a cartridge for hunting.