The question of whether a firearm remains functional after water submersion is a complex one, depending heavily on several factors. While the short answer is sometimes, it's crucial to understand the intricacies involved before drawing conclusions. This article explores the effects of water on firearms, offering insights into functionality, safety, and necessary precautions.
The Impact of Water on Firearms: A Detailed Look
Water's effect on a firearm's functionality is multifaceted. It's not simply a matter of the gun getting wet; the type of water, duration of submersion, and the firearm's construction all play significant roles.
Types of Water and Their Effects
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Fresh Water: While less corrosive than saltwater, fresh water can still cause rust and damage internal mechanisms over time. Prolonged submersion in freshwater leads to the accumulation of sediment and debris within the firearm's moving parts, hindering its operation.
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Saltwater: Saltwater is far more corrosive and detrimental to firearms. The salt accelerates rust formation, leading to rapid degradation of metal components and jamming of moving parts. Even brief exposure can cause significant damage.
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Other Liquids: Submersion in other liquids, such as mud or chemicals, can have unique effects. Mud can clog mechanisms, while chemicals may corrode or damage components beyond simple rust.
Duration of Submersion: Time is of the Essence
The length of time a firearm spends submerged is a critical factor determining its post-submersion functionality.
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Short-Term Submersion: Brief exposure to water, perhaps a few minutes, might not cause significant damage, especially to well-maintained firearms with proper lubrication. However, immediate cleaning and thorough drying are essential.
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Long-Term Submersion: Extended submersion, even in freshwater, will almost certainly result in malfunctions. Saltwater submersion for even a moderate duration can render a firearm unusable. Rust, corrosion, and the buildup of debris will hinder the operation of critical components.
Firearm Construction: Material Matters
The materials used in firearm construction significantly influence their resilience to water damage.
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Steel: Steel is susceptible to rust, particularly in saltwater environments. The rate of rust formation depends on the quality of the steel and the presence of protective coatings.
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Stainless Steel: Stainless steel offers better resistance to corrosion than regular steel, but it's not immune to damage from prolonged submersion.
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Polymer: Polymer firearms are generally less susceptible to rust and corrosion than their steel counterparts, but prolonged submersion can still cause problems with internal components and lubricants.
Functionality After Submersion: What to Expect
Even if a firearm appears to function after being submerged, it's crucial to exercise extreme caution.
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Malfunctions: Water can lead to malfunctions such as misfires, jams, and failures to cycle. These can render the firearm unreliable and potentially dangerous.
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Corrosion: Internal corrosion may not be immediately visible but can weaken the firearm's structure over time, potentially leading to catastrophic failure during firing.
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Safety Hazards: A water-damaged firearm is inherently unsafe. The risk of unexpected malfunctions, coupled with the potential for corrosion weakening structural integrity, makes it a significant safety hazard.
What to Do If Your Firearm Gets Wet
If your firearm becomes submerged, follow these steps:
- Remove it from the water immediately.
- Disassemble it as much as possible. (Consult your firearm's manual; some firearms are more easily disassembled than others).
- Rinse it thoroughly with clean water to remove any mud or sediment.
- Dry all components thoroughly using a clean cloth or compressed air. Avoid high heat sources.
- Apply a light coating of gun oil to all moving parts and metal surfaces.
- Reassemble the firearm and carefully inspect it for any signs of damage before use.
- If you're uncertain about its condition, take it to a qualified gunsmith.
Warning: Never attempt to fire a water-damaged firearm until you're absolutely certain it's safe to do so. A malfunction can cause serious injury or death.
Case Study: The Effects of Saltwater Submersion on a 1911
A recent case study examined a 1911 pistol submerged in saltwater for 24 hours. The results showed significant corrosion on the slide, barrel, and internal parts. While the firearm initially seemed to fire, subsequent testing revealed erratic performance and a high likelihood of failure. This emphasizes the serious risks associated with saltwater submersion.
Conclusion: Prioritize Safety and Prevention
While a firearm might appear to function after being submerged, the risks are substantial. The damage might not be immediately apparent but could compromise safety and reliability. Prevention is key; always store firearms in a dry place and avoid situations that could lead to water submersion. If your firearm is ever submerged, professional inspection is crucial before attempting to use it. Your safety is paramount.