Many gun owners worry about what happens when their firearm gets exposed to water. This concern is valid; water damage can significantly impact a firearm's functionality and safety. This in-depth guide explores the effects of water on various firearm components, offering advice on preventative measures and remediation. We'll answer the crucial question: Does a gun work after getting wet? The short answer is, maybe, but it's risky. Let's delve into the specifics.
Understanding the Effects of Water on Firearms
Water's impact on firearms depends on several factors, including:
- The type of firearm: Different firearm designs and materials react differently to water exposure.
- The duration of exposure: A brief splash is less damaging than prolonged submersion.
- The type of water: Saltwater is far more corrosive than freshwater.
- The firearm's condition before exposure: A well-maintained firearm will generally withstand water exposure better than a neglected one.
Water can affect various firearm parts in different ways:
The Barrel and Action: Potential for Rust and Mechanical Failure
Water, especially saltwater, accelerates rust formation on metal parts like the barrel and action. Rust can cause jamming, misfires, and even dangerous malfunctions. The corrosive nature of the water can also affect the precision of the barrel, degrading accuracy. Even if the gun fires initially, it may have increased risk of failure after repeated use in wet conditions. Prolonged exposure can lead to significant damage requiring professional repair or even replacement.
The Trigger Mechanism: A Risk of Malfunction
The trigger mechanism is incredibly sensitive. Water intrusion can lead to sticking, sluggish operation, or complete failure. This poses a serious safety hazard, as an unreliable trigger can prevent safe operation and potentially lead to accidental discharge. Cleaning and lubrication after water exposure are crucial to ensure safe trigger function.
The Ammunition: Moisture's Impact on Powder and Primers
While the firearm itself may be affected, the ammunition is also vulnerable. Moisture can damage gunpowder, affecting its ability to ignite reliably. Similarly, damp primers might fail to detonate, resulting in misfires. This is less common with modern, sealed ammunition, but prolonged exposure should still be avoided. Store ammunition in a dry, airtight container.
What to Do If Your Gun Gets Wet
Immediate action is key to mitigating water damage. Here's a step-by-step guide:
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Safety First: Unload the firearm immediately. Ensure it's pointed in a safe direction and the magazine is removed.
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Remove Excess Water: Gently wipe down the exterior of the firearm with a clean, absorbent cloth. Avoid excessive rubbing, which could spread contaminants.
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Disassemble (If Possible): If you're familiar with your firearm's disassembly process, carefully take it apart. This allows for better cleaning and drying of individual components. If unsure, seek professional assistance.
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Thorough Cleaning: Use a non-chlorinated solvent to remove any residual water and debris. Pay close attention to the trigger mechanism, action, and barrel.
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Drying: Allow all components to dry completely in a warm, dry place. Avoid using high heat or direct sunlight, which can damage certain components. Consider using a desiccant like silica gel to absorb remaining moisture.
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Lubrication: After drying, thoroughly lubricate all moving parts with a high-quality gun oil. This helps prevent future rust and ensures smooth operation.
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Reassembly and Function Check: Carefully reassemble your firearm and perform a function check. If anything feels unusual or there are any issues, take it to a qualified gunsmith.
Preventing Water Damage to Your Firearm
Prevention is always better than cure. Here are some measures to protect your firearm from water damage:
- Proper Storage: Store your firearm in a cool, dry place, preferably in a gun safe or waterproof case.
- Use Protective Coatings: Consider applying a rust preventative or protective coating to the metal surfaces.
- Avoid Exposure: Be mindful of your surroundings and avoid exposing your firearm to unnecessary water exposure. This includes using a protective case during outdoor activities like hunting or shooting.
- Regular Maintenance: Regularly clean and lubricate your firearm to prevent corrosion and ensure smooth operation.
Case Study: Saltwater Exposure and Subsequent Malfunction
A hunter left his shotgun in his truck after a day of waterfowl hunting. The truck was parked near the coast for several days during a heavy rain. Upon returning, he discovered the shotgun had been exposed to heavy saltwater spray and rain. He attempted to clean it as described above, but discovered significant corrosion on the action, resulting in malfunctions. He was forced to send it to a gunsmith for extensive repairs and cleaning. This serves as a stark reminder of the serious consequences of neglecting to dry and maintain a firearm after water exposure.
Conclusion: Prioritize Safety and Maintenance
While some firearms might function immediately after brief water exposure, the risk of malfunctions, corrosion, and safety hazards is substantial. Never assume a wet firearm is safe to use. Following the steps outlined above, and prioritizing prevention through proper storage and maintenance, is crucial to preserving your firearm's longevity, performance, and most importantly, your safety. If in doubt, consult a professional gunsmith.