The MAS 49/56 is a venerable French military rifle, known for its robust design and reliable performance. While originally chambered in 7.5x54mm French, a significant number have been converted to the more widely available and versatile .308 Winchester (7.62x51mm NATO) caliber. This conversion opens up a world of possibilities for shooters interested in military surplus firearms, historical pieces, or simply a unique and powerful rifle. This guide will delve into the specifics of the MAS 49/56 in .308, exploring its history, features, accuracy, modifications, and overall appeal.
Understanding the MAS 49/56 Conversion to .308
The original MAS 49/56 rifle, adopted by the French Army in 1949 and updated in 1956, served for decades. However, the 7.5x54mm French cartridge is less common than the .308 Winchester, a standard NATO caliber. This led to numerous conversions, typically undertaken by private companies or individual gunsmiths. These conversions usually involve:
- Barrel Replacement: The most crucial part of the conversion is replacing the original 7.5x54mm barrel with a new .308 Winchester barrel. This necessitates precise machining to ensure proper headspace and alignment.
- Magazine Modification: The internal geometry of the magazine needs adjustment to accommodate the slightly larger .308 cartridge. This often involves modifying the existing magazine or using a custom-designed magazine.
- Bolt Face Modification: The bolt face might require minor adjustments to correctly accommodate the differing cartridge dimensions. Improper fitting here can lead to malfunctions.
It is crucial to note that not all conversions are created equal. A poorly executed conversion can compromise the rifle's safety and reliability. Always purchase a converted MAS 49/56 from a reputable source that guarantees the quality of the conversion.
Key Features of the .308 MAS 49/56
The converted MAS 49/56 retains many of the original rifle's distinctive features:
- Robust Construction: The receiver and other major components are typically made of high-quality steel, contributing to its durability.
- Manual Operation: It utilizes a manually operated, rotating bolt action, known for its reliability and simplicity.
- Straight-Pull Bolt: The straight-pull bolt action allows for faster cycling compared to traditional bolt-actions.
- Adjustable Sights: Many converted versions retain adjustable iron sights for various ranges.
- Potential for Upgrades: The .308 conversion opens up possibilities for upgrading with modern optics and accessories, enhancing accuracy and versatility.
Accuracy and Ballistics
The accuracy of a converted MAS 49/56 in .308 varies depending on the quality of the conversion and the condition of the rifle. With a properly executed conversion and good ammunition, one can reasonably expect 2-3 MOA (minutes of angle) accuracy at 100 yards. This is perfectly suitable for hunting, target shooting, and other recreational activities. The .308 Winchester cartridge provides ample power and range for most applications.
Modifications and Upgrades
Converting the MAS 49/56 to .308 already constitutes a major modification. However, further upgrades are possible:
- Scope Mounting: Adding a scope significantly improves accuracy, especially at longer ranges. Various scope mounts are available for the MAS 49/56.
- Trigger Work: A trigger job can improve the feel and consistency of the trigger pull.
- Stock Replacement: Replacement stocks made from modern materials like synthetic polymers can enhance ergonomics and durability.
Case Study: A Comparison of Two .308 MAS 49/56 Conversions
Let's compare two hypothetical scenarios:
| Feature | Conversion A (High-Quality) | Conversion B (Lower-Quality) |
|---|---|---|
| Barrel Quality | Premium, match-grade | Standard, potentially rough |
| Headspace | Precise, safe | Possibly inconsistent |
| Magazine Function | Reliable, smooth feeding | Potential for jams |
| Accuracy | < 2 MOA | > 3 MOA |
| Overall Condition | Excellent | Fair to Good |
This table illustrates the significant differences that can exist between high-quality and low-quality conversions. Always prioritize quality when selecting a converted MAS 49/56.
Conclusion: The Allure of the .308 MAS 49/56
The .308 conversion transforms the MAS 49/56 into a unique and capable rifle. It combines the historical significance and robust construction of the original design with the versatility and widespread availability of the .308 Winchester cartridge. While meticulous care must be taken to ensure the conversion is properly done, the end result is a rifle that can provide years of reliable service for shooting enthusiasts. Remember, thorough research and selecting a reputable source are paramount when acquiring a converted MAS 49/56 in .308.