Introduction:
Full length sizing dies are an essential tool for reloading ammunition. They're used to resize fired cartridge cases back to their original dimensions, preparing them for the next reloading cycle. This process ensures consistent chambering and optimal performance. Understanding how full length sizing dies work, their benefits and drawbacks, and how to use them effectively is crucial for any serious reloader. This guide will delve into the intricacies of full length sizing dies, providing you with the knowledge to confidently use them in your reloading process.
Understanding Full Length Sizing Dies
Full length sizing dies, unlike other sizing dies, resize the entire cartridge case from the case mouth to the base. This comprehensive resizing ensures uniform dimensions, addressing variations caused by firing. The die’s sizing mechanism, typically a precisely engineered carbide or steel ring, squeezes the brass to reduce its overall diameter. This process is crucial for ensuring reliable feeding and consistent chambering of the reloaded ammunition.
How Full Length Sizing Works
The process involves several steps. First, the fired cartridge case is placed in the sizing die. Then, the ram is activated, forcing the case into the sizing die's interior. The sizing die's internal dimensions are slightly smaller than the original cartridge case dimensions. This controlled compression ensures the case is properly resized. Once the resizing is complete, the ram retracts, expelling the now resized cartridge case.
Benefits of Using Full Length Sizing Dies
- Uniformity: Full length sizing ensures consistency across all reloaded cartridges. This leads to reliable feeding and improved accuracy.
- Improved Chambering: Resizing the entire case ensures reliable chambering, reducing the risk of malfunctions or damage to your firearm.
- Consistent Performance: Full length sizing helps to maintain consistent pressure and performance across all rounds.
- Suitable for All Cases: Unlike neck sizing, full length sizing can be used on all brass cases, regardless of prior firings.
Drawbacks of Full Length Sizing Dies
- Work Hardening: The resizing process can work-harden the brass, potentially reducing its lifespan. This is because the resizing process introduces strain into the metal.
- Case Neck Tension: Full length sizing significantly reduces the tension on the neck of the case, potentially affecting bullet seating and holding.
- Time Consuming: Full length sizing can be more time-consuming than other sizing methods.
Choosing the Right Full Length Sizing Die
Selecting the appropriate full length sizing die depends on several factors.
- Caliber: The die must match the specific caliber of your ammunition.
- Manufacturer: Reputable manufacturers like Lee, RCBS, Hornady, and Redding produce high-quality sizing dies.
- Materials: Carbide dies are known for their durability and longevity, whereas steel dies may require more frequent lubrication.
Case Study: Comparing Lee, RCBS, and Hornady Full Length Sizing Dies
| Manufacturer | Material Options | Price Point | Durability | Features |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lee | Steel | Budget-friendly | Moderate | Simple design |
| RCBS | Steel, Carbide | Mid-range | High | Precision manufacturing |
| Hornady | Steel, Carbide | Premium | Excellent | Innovative features |
Note: Prices and features can vary depending on the specific model.
Full Length Sizing vs. Neck Sizing: Key Differences
While full length sizing resizes the entire case, neck sizing only resizes the neck. Neck sizing is typically preferred for cases that have been fired only a few times, as it minimizes work hardening. Choosing between full length and neck sizing depends on the condition of the brass and the desired level of consistency.
Troubleshooting Common Issues
- Cases Not Sizing Properly: This could be due to improperly adjusted sizing die, dull sizing die, or incorrect lubrication.
- Cases Splitting: This is often caused by excessive sizing or using improper case lubricant.
- Difficulty Ejecting Cases: This can be attributed to insufficient lubrication, or a die that is too tight.
Conclusion
Full length sizing dies are a vital component of the reloading process, offering consistency and reliability. While they do have drawbacks, understanding their functionality and limitations allows reloaders to utilize them effectively. By carefully selecting the right die, using proper technique, and addressing potential issues, reloaders can ensure their ammunition is accurately sized for optimal performance and safety. Remember to always prioritize safety and follow manufacturer's instructions when reloading ammunition.