Ammunition, whether for hunting, sport shooting, or self-defense, requires proper storage to maintain its quality and safety. Improper storage can lead to deterioration, malfunctions, and even accidents. This comprehensive guide will walk you through the best practices for storing your ammo, ensuring it remains reliable and safe for years to come.
Understanding the Enemies of Ammunition
Before diving into storage solutions, let's identify the primary factors that can degrade ammunition:
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Temperature Extremes: Both extreme heat and cold can damage ammunition. Heat can cause the propellant to become unstable, potentially leading to dangerous pressure increases. Cold, on the other hand, can affect the lubricant in the cartridge, causing malfunctions. Ideally, store ammo in a cool, dry place with temperatures between 50°F and 70°F (10°C and 21°C).
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Humidity: Moisture is ammunition's worst enemy. High humidity can cause corrosion on the casing, primers, and projectiles, rendering the ammunition unusable. Rust and corrosion can significantly impact the reliability of your ammunition. Aim for a relative humidity below 50%.
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Light Exposure: While not as critical as temperature and humidity, prolonged exposure to direct sunlight or ultraviolet (UV) light can degrade the propellant and casing. Keep your ammo away from direct sunlight whenever possible.
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Impact and Vibration: Avoid storing ammo in locations that are subject to frequent impacts or vibrations. This can damage the primers and lead to unpredictable behavior.
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Exposure to Chemicals: Keep ammunition away from corrosive chemicals, such as cleaners, solvents, or fertilizers. These substances can degrade the components of the cartridge, leading to malfunctions or even dangerous chemical reactions.
Optimal Storage Containers and Locations
The ideal storage solution combines the right container with a suitable location. Here are some options:
Containers:
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Ammunition Cans: These metal containers provide excellent protection against moisture and light. Look for cans with airtight seals to further protect your ammo. Ensure you label your cans clearly, indicating the caliber and type of ammunition.
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Plastic Storage Bins: Hard plastic containers with airtight lids are a good, more affordable alternative to metal cans. Choose bins made from high-quality, durable plastic to withstand temperature fluctuations and potential impacts.
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Dehumidifiers: For high-humidity environments, using a desiccant pack or a small dehumidifier inside the container is highly recommended. This helps maintain a low humidity level within the storage area.
Locations:
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Gun Safes: This is the preferred method for storing ammunition, especially if you own firearms. Gun safes offer excellent protection against unauthorized access, as well as environmental factors.
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Cool, Dry Storage Rooms: If you have a basement or dedicated storage room that remains consistently cool and dry, this can be a suitable location for storing ammo. Avoid attics, garages, or other areas subject to extreme temperature fluctuations.
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Specialized Ammo Storage Cabinets: Designed specifically for ammunition storage, these cabinets offer temperature and humidity control, often integrated with other security features.
Organizing Your Ammunition
Proper organization is crucial for easy access and inventory management. Consider these tips:
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Caliber and Type Separation: Store different calibers and types of ammunition separately to prevent mix-ups.
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Clear Labeling: Clearly label each container with the caliber, type of ammunition (e.g., FMJ, JHP), quantity, and date of acquisition.
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Inventory Management: Maintain a detailed inventory of your ammunition, noting the quantity and location of each type. This can be helpful for tracking your supplies and insurance purposes.
Case Study: The Importance of Proper Storage
A local shooting range experienced several instances of ammunition malfunctions due to improper storage. The ammo was stored in a poorly ventilated shed subjected to extreme temperature fluctuations and high humidity. The resulting corrosion led to significant malfunctions and potential safety hazards. After implementing proper storage practices, including moving the ammo to a climate-controlled environment and using airtight containers, the malfunctions ceased.
FAQs
Q: Can I store ammo in the freezer? A: While freezing temporarily slows down degradation, it's generally not recommended. The repeated temperature changes during removal can create condensation, increasing the risk of rust and corrosion.
Q: How long can ammo be stored safely? A: The shelf life of ammunition depends on several factors, including the type of ammunition, storage conditions, and manufacturer. Proper storage can significantly extend its shelf life, potentially for decades. However, it is always recommended to test a small sample before use, especially for older ammunition.
Q: What should I do with old or questionable ammunition? A: If you have ammunition that you are unsure about its condition, it's best to contact your local law enforcement agency or a licensed gunsmith for safe disposal.
By following these guidelines, you can ensure your ammunition remains safe, reliable, and ready when you need it. Remember, responsible ammunition storage is crucial for both safety and maintaining the quality of your supplies.