Finding the right choke tube can significantly impact your turkey hunting success. The Mossberg 500 20 gauge shotgun is a popular choice for many hunters, and selecting the appropriate choke for it is crucial. This guide will delve into the specifics of Mossberg 500 20 gauge turkey chokes, helping you make an informed decision.
Understanding Choke Tubes and Their Impact on Shot Patterns
A choke tube restricts the diameter of the shotgun barrel's muzzle, influencing the shot pattern. Different chokes create different patterns, ranging from tight (full choke) to open (cylinder bore). For turkey hunting, you need a choke that delivers a dense pattern at your target distance – typically within 40 yards. A too-open choke will result in a scattered pattern, while a too-tight choke might over-constrict the shot, leading to reduced range and effectiveness.
Types of Choke Tubes for Turkey Hunting
Several choke tube options are available for turkey hunting. Each offers a different level of constriction, influencing shot pattern density and range. The most common include:
- Extra Full: This offers the tightest constriction, creating a very dense pattern. It's best for longer ranges but can lead to fewer pellets hitting the target at closer distances.
- Full: A popular choice for turkey hunting, it offers a good balance between pattern density and range. Suitable for most hunting scenarios.
- Improved Cylinder: This choke provides a wider, less-dense pattern, ideal for close-range shooting or situations where a more forgiving pattern is needed.
Choosing the best choke often depends on personal preference and the specific hunting conditions, including the distance to the target and the type of shot used.
Choosing the Right Mossberg 500 20 Gauge Turkey Choke
The Mossberg 500 is compatible with various aftermarket and factory choke tubes. When selecting a choke for your Mossberg 500 20 gauge, consider the following factors:
- Shot Size: The shot size used (e.g., No. 4, No. 5, No. 6) also influences pattern density. Larger shot sizes will create denser patterns with a given choke, while smaller shot sizes will create more open patterns.
- Distance to Target: Longer ranges generally call for tighter chokes (Extra Full or Full), while closer ranges might benefit from a less-constricted choke.
- Personal Preference: Ultimately, the best choke is the one that produces the most consistent and effective pattern at your preferred hunting distance. Pattern testing is strongly recommended.
Pattern Testing: The Key to Finding Your Optimal Choke
Pattern testing is essential to determine the best choke for your specific Mossberg 500 20 gauge and ammunition combination. Here's how to conduct a pattern test:
- Choose a safe location: Find a large, open area where you can safely shoot at a target.
- Set up your target: Use a large piece of paper or cardboard at your target distance (20-40 yards).
- Fire several shots: Fire at least three shots at the target using your chosen ammunition and choke combination.
- Analyze the pattern: Examine the distribution of pellets on the target. Look for density, uniformity, and overall pattern size.
Maintaining Your Mossberg 500 Choke Tubes
Proper maintenance ensures the longevity and performance of your choke tubes. Always clean your choke tubes after each use. Remove any shot residue or debris. Store your chokes in a safe, dry place to prevent rust and damage. Regular cleaning and storage can prevent malfunctions and maintain the accuracy of your shots.
Case Study: Comparing Choke Performance
A hunter using a Mossberg 500 20 Gauge with No. 4 shot conducted a pattern test at 30 yards using three different chokes: Improved Cylinder, Modified, and Full. The results showed a significantly denser pattern with the Full choke, indicating a higher probability of a clean kill at that distance. The Improved Cylinder offered a very wide pattern, while the Modified fell between the two.
Conclusion: Mastering Your Mossberg 500 20 Gauge for Turkey Hunting
Choosing the right Mossberg 500 20 gauge turkey choke is a critical element in successful turkey hunting. Through understanding choke types, conducting thorough pattern testing, and performing proper maintenance, you can significantly improve your hunting accuracy and increase your chances of a successful harvest. Remember to always prioritize safety and practice responsible firearm handling.