The Steven's 20 gauge shotgun holds a unique place in the history of firearms. While not as widely recognized as some other brands, it offers a compelling blend of affordability, practicality, and – depending on the model and condition – surprising reliability. This guide delves into the various aspects of Steven's 20 gauge shotguns, helping you understand their history, features, and what to consider if you're thinking of buying one.
A Look Back at Steven's Firearms
The J. Stevens Arms Company, later acquired by Savage Arms, produced a vast array of firearms over its long history. Their shotguns, often characterized by their value-oriented pricing, became popular with hunters and shooters seeking a functional firearm without breaking the bank. The 20 gauge models were particularly common, catering to those who appreciated the lighter recoil of the smaller gauge while still maintaining sufficient stopping power for small game and even some larger game depending on the ammunition used. Many consider the Stevens 311, a single-shot model, a prime example of this brand's philosophy.
Notable Stevens 20 Gauge Models:
Several models stand out among the Stevens 20 gauge shotguns:
- Stevens 311: This single-shot shotgun is known for its simplicity, durability, and affordability. It's a perfect choice for beginners or those seeking a straightforward firearm for hunting or target shooting. Its relatively simple design translates to easy maintenance and repairs.
- Stevens 520: A pump-action model, the 520 offered a greater capacity than the 311. This increased the rate of fire, making it suitable for hunting multiple birds or for situations requiring faster follow-up shots. These are also relatively easy to maintain and widely sought after among collectors.
- Stevens 620: Similar to the 520, but often with more refined features, the 620 represents a step up in quality and fit. Depending on the specific year and production run, features like improved wood stocks and more robust metalwork can be found.
Choosing the Right Stevens 20 Gauge Shotgun
If you're considering purchasing a vintage Stevens 20 gauge shotgun, here’s what you should keep in mind:
Condition is Key:
The age and condition of any used firearm significantly impact its value and reliability. Carefully inspect the barrel for rust, pitting, or significant wear. Check the action for smooth operation and the stock for cracks or damage. Professional gunsmith inspection before purchasing a used shotgun is highly recommended.
Ammunition Considerations:
While older Stevens shotguns can handle modern 20 gauge ammunition, it's crucial to verify the gun's capabilities. Avoid using high-pressure or magnum loads in firearms not explicitly rated for them, as this could lead to damage or injury. Stick to standard field loads for best results.
Finding Parts and Repair:
Finding parts for older Stevens shotguns might require more effort than for more modern models. Specialized gunsmiths or online forums dedicated to vintage firearms can prove valuable resources. Be prepared for potential longer lead times or higher costs for repairs.
Advantages and Disadvantages of a Stevens 20 Gauge Shotgun
| Advantages | Disadvantages |
|---|---|
| Affordable | Parts availability can be challenging |
| Relatively lightweight and easy to handle | May require more maintenance than modern shotguns |
| Simple design, easy to clean and maintain | Can be susceptible to wear and tear with age |
| Durable and reliable (when in good condition) | Value can vary greatly depending on condition |
Conclusion: A Practical and Affordable Option
The Stevens 20 gauge shotgun, especially the various models mentioned above, represents a classic and often affordable entry point into shotgun ownership. While requiring careful consideration of condition and potential maintenance challenges, these firearms offer a blend of practicality and history that appeals to many shooters. However, always prioritize safety and thorough inspection before using any firearm, regardless of brand or age. Remember to consult with a qualified gunsmith to ensure your Stevens 20 gauge shotgun is safe and functional before firing it.